heroarms A Comparison of Code Heroes of A Farewell to...

The Code Heroes of A Farewell to Arms and For Whom the Bell Tolls In Ernest Hemingways fiction, there is something known as the Hemingway Hero. This term is usually applied to the male protagonist in his works. The Hemingway hero illustrates a variety of traits, ranging from heavy drinking to his role as a leader among the characters with whom he interacts. Traits of this hero also resemble the personal characteristics of Hemingway himself, and the hero usually finds himself in similar predicaments Hemingway faced in his life. Two Hemingway heroes, Robert Jordan from For Whom the Bell Tolls and Frederic Henry from A Farewell to Arms, exhibit the traits established in Hemingways heroic code. Given the presence of war in†¦show more content†¦While Frederic Henry and Robert Jordan do not exemplify the complete list of traits making up Hemingways heroic code, each man displays at least several of the heroic characteristics. Robert Jordan conducts himself in a very disciplined manner, keeping his primary objective in mind whereas Frederic Henrys agenda focuses on personal events rather than the war itself. Both Jordan and Henry display very macho characteristics and prove that they are capable leaders at the same time. Each man has a love for alcohol and drinks casually throughout each novel. Robert Jordan and Frederic Henry show signs that they do not believe in the afterlife and that they try to live life to the fullest as well. Perhaps the most reoccurring trait of the Hemingway hero is his love for alcohol and his continuous drinking throughout the novel. Whether the occasion is serious or casual, the reader often witnesses Frederic Henry or Robert Jordan enjoying a drink. One instance comes when Robert Jordan eats with his comrades. He muses over the wine he is drinking, thinking but [wine] does not curl around inside you the way absinthe does... there is nothing like absinthe (For Whom the Bell Tolls, 204) . This series of thoughts by Robert Jordan shows that he enjoys drinking alcohol because of its relaxing qualities; however, he exhibits moderation in his drinking because his judgment never falters and he always appears to be alert.

Essay about Mayan Indians - 751 Words

Mayan Indians The Mayan Indians lived mainly on or near the Yucatan Peninsula. This region had many volcanic mountains or Highlands in the south and the Lowlands in the central and northern regions. The southern part of the Lowlands was covered by a rain forest and the northern by much drier forests. You could also find savannas and swamps scattered throughout many of these regions. The fields that farmers would use to grow crops are cut and burned around February to May. During this time period, it is the dry season, in which it is very hot and uncomfortable for the people. When the practice this slash and burn technique, the sky becomes gray and smoky, making the weather even more unbearable.†¦show more content†¦The tribes usually lived in homes made of poles. The poles were young trees of had their bark stripped off and than set in a stone foundation for the building of the home. There were two doorways place in front of each other to allow for the free air to flow. The structure h ad rounded ends and was either filled with more poles or stucco. The roof was made out of a thick palm thatch, which sufficiently protected the interior. There was also a stone version of this home, which was lived in by the more powerful. It was similar, but instead was made in a rectangular form. In places where there are many large trees, wooden planks would be used in place of piles, which also lacked rounded ends. Some of these homes and structure are still standing today. The Mayans were skilled farmers who cleared large sections of tropical rain forests for their farming. Also, when they were running low on water, they would make an underground storage for rainwater. Maize was their main staple and still is, though they have various diets depending on the local geography. Agriculture was based on slash and burn farming which meant that the field has to be left alone from 5 to 15 tears after only 2 to 5 years of farming. The normal garment of men was a cotton breechcloth wrapped around the middle, with sometimes a sleeveless shirt, either white or dyedShow MoreRelatedThe History of Zero: Indian and Mayan Cultures726 Words   |  3 PagesZero is usually recognized today as being originated in two geographically separated cultures: the Maya and Indian. If zero was a place-holder symbol, then such a zero was present in the Babylonian positional number system before the first recorded occurrence of the Indian zero. If zero was represented by an empty space within a well-defined positional number system, such a zero was present in Chinese mathematics a few centuries before the beginning of the Common Era. The absence of a symbol forRead More The Toltec, Aztec, and Mayan Indian Tribes Essay598 Words   |  3 PagesThe Toltec, Aztec, and Mayan Indian Tribes TOLTECS The Toltecs were an Indian tribe who existed from 900 A.D. to 1200. 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Prosecuting Arguments Free Essays

Prosecuting Arguments A prosecutor’s duty is to defer and produce evidence of the crime at hand to the judge and jury so that they can decide an appropriate sentence. According to the case of State v. Stu Dents, there are several charges against the defendant which range from moderate to severe. We will write a custom essay sample on Prosecuting Arguments or any similar topic only for you Order Now These charges include homicide, assault of a police officer, kidnapping, burglary, and crimes related to drugs. The prosecution must attempt to provide accurate evidence to prove the charges against Stu Dents. During this trial, the prosecution will evaluate the laws and statutes of Hawaii, Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania to determine which state the case is the strongest. The prosecution will examine each of these states thoroughly to provide a better understanding of the charges, which will provide a guideline in determining the best sentencing alternatives. Facts and Elements The prosecution must establish the facts and elements of each crime to prove a defendant’s guilt. The elements of crime are the basic components of the crime, and the essential features of that crime specified by law or statute. These elements include actus reus, mens rea, and a concurrence of the two. To convict the defendant of a particular crime, the prosecution must establish that each of the required elements are present in the facts to prove criminal liability (Schmalleger, Hall, Dolatowski, 2010). In the case of State v. Stu Dents, the prosecution must establish the facts and elements of the charges for homicide, assault of a police officer, kidnapping, burglary, and crimes related to drugs. For the charge of homicide, all of the required elements are present in the facts of the case. The journal entries discussing the purchase of rope, rags, and a sharp hunting knife â€Å"to fulfill [his] destiny† prove mens rea. Actus reus is proven in the evidence that the victim was found with cloth stuffed in her mouth, arms and legs tied with rope restraints, and stabbed to death. The defendant’s intent to commit the crime is proven by the journal entries, and the proof that he engaged in the criminal conduct is evident in the gagging, restraining, and stabbing death of the victim (University of Phoenix, n. d. ). For the charge of assault of a police officer, all of the required elements are present in the facts of the case. When police officers attempted to take him into custody, he was extremely agitated, irrational, combative, and screaming about the end of the world and aliens working in the police force, which proves mens rea. Actus reus is proven when the defendant punched the officer in the face while the officer attempted to handcuff him. The defendant’s intent to cause bodily harm to the officer by punching him proves the presence of intent and conduct (University of Phoenix, n. . ). For the charge of kidnapping, all of the required elements are present in the facts of the case. Mens rea is proven from the evidence officers found in the defendant’s home, which included a timeline of more than 300 photos of the victim in various locations and situations. It appears as if some photos were taken without the victim’s knowledge. Actus reus is proven by the evidence of cuts and bruises found on the victim’s body as well as skin particles under her fingernails, which signify a struggle prior to death. The DNA of the skin particles matched samples of the defendant’s DNA. Therefore, the defendant’s intent to seize unlawfully and carry away the victim by force, as indicated by the evidence of struggle, proves the presence of intent and conduct (University of Phoenix, n. d. ). For the charge of burglary, all of the required elements are present in the facts of the case. Mens rea is proven from witness testimony stating that the defendant entered the victim’s apartment when she was not home, and there was no proof that he used a key. Actus reus is proven when a search of the defendant’s home produced drugs and jewelry owned by the victim. The defendant’s intent to enter the victim’s residence unlawfully without permission for the purpose of committing a crime is proven by the theft of the victim’s possessions (University of Phoenix, n. d. ). For the charge of crimes related to drugs, all of the elements are present in the facts of the case. Mens rea is proven when a search of the defendant’s home produced various amounts of ecstasy, cocaine, and methamphetamines. Actus reus is proven by the presence of ecstasy, cocaine, and methamphetamines in the defendant’s home, which is an act of possession. The defendant knowingly possessing the drugs coexists with the act of possessing the drugs (University of Phoenix, n. d. ). State Laws In Hawaii, homicide occurs when a person intentionally or knowingly causes the death of another person, and it is considered murder in the first degree. The crime of homicide with more than one victim or an inmate killing his or her cellmate is considered first degree murder, and homicide of an officer of the law is considered a felony murder. Murder in the first degree is a serious felony, and the defendant could face life in prison without parole because Hawaii does not have the death penalty (FindLaw, 2012). In Pennsylvania, assault of a police officer occurs when a person intentionally causes harm to an officer while on duty, such as fighting the officer to avoid arrest. If this incident causes the officer bodily harm, the crime is a second-degree misdemeanor. This will result in a sentence of up to five years in prison, and a fine of up to $3,000. If a person shoots and kills an officer on duty, the charge is assault in the first degree. The defendant could face a minimum of 20 years in prison or death for first-degree assault of a police officer (Justia, n. d. ). In North Carolina, kidnapping occurs when a person unlawfully restrains or keeps another person at any place without his or her permission. It is considered first degree kidnapping if the victim is not released in a safe place or is seriously injured. This charge is considered a Class C felony, and it carries up to 15 years imprisonment (North Carolina General Assembly, n. d. ). In Arkansas, residential burglary occurs when a person unlawfully enters and remains in a residential structure, and commits any offense punishable by imprisonment. This crime is considered a Class B felony. A defendant who is charged with this crime faces five to 10 years imprisonment, and a fine of up to $15,000 (Justia, n. d. ). In Virginia, crimes related to drugs include manufacturing, distributing, or possessing controlled substances with the intent to manufacture or distribute. A first offense under this statute carries a sentence of five to 40 years imprisonment, and a fine of up to $500,000. Second and subsequent offenses carry a sentence of five years to life imprisonment, and a fine of up to $500,000. It is considered a felony if a person manufactures, distributes, or possesses certain large amounts of controlled substances. A felony conviction carries a sentence of five years to life imprisonment, and a fine of up to $1 million (Laws. com, 2011). Strongest State Case According to the information on the state laws and statutes, Hawaii would yield the strongest prosecution in the case of State v. Stu Dents. In Hawaii, a conviction of homicide carries a sentence of life imprisonment without parole, which would keep the defendant away from society, and keep society safe from possible future offenses by the defendant. A conviction for assault of a police officer carries up to five years imprisonment. A conviction for kidnapping and drug crimes is a Class A felony, and it carries a term of up to life imprisonment with a fine of up to $50,000. A conviction of burglary is a Class B felony, and it carries a term of two to 20 years imprisonment with a fine of up to $25,000 (Nolo, 2012). If the defendant is found guilty of all charges in the state of Hawaii, he will spend the rest of his life in prison as well as pay a large amount in fines, which is absolute justice for the victim. Conclusion Each state has different laws for each crime that a person commits and how that person is charged for the crime. The prosecution for each crime is strong for each of the states examined. No matter what the case is for a crime committed in any state, there is a law or statute available to charge a person for that crime. Regardless of the state the criminal trial proceeds in, the prosecution will have a strong case in the case of State v. Stu Dents. References FindLaw. (2012). Haw. Rev. Stat.  § 707-701 : Hawaii Statutes – Section 707-701: Murder in the first degree. Retrieved from http://codes. lp. findlaw. com/histatutes/5/37/707/II/707-701 Justia. (n. d. ). 2010 Arkansas Code  § 5-39-201 – Residential burglary — Commercial burglary. Retrieved from http://law. justia. com/codes/arkansas/2010/title-5/subtitle-4/chapter-39/ subchapter-2/5-39-201/ Justia. (n. d. . 2010 Pennsylvania Code  § 2702. 1 – Assault of law enforcement officer. Retrieved from http://law. justia. com/codes/pennsylvania/2010/title-18/chapter-27/2702-1/ Laws. com. (2011). 18. 2-248 – Manufacturing, selling, giving, distributing, or possessing with intent to manufacture, sell, give, or distribute a controlled substance or an imitation controlled substance prohibited; penalties. Retrieved fro m http://statutes. laws. com/ virginia/title-18-2/chapter-7/18-2-248 Nolo. (2012). Hawaii Charges for Crimes by Felony Class. Retrieved from ttp://www. criminaldefenselawyer. com/resources/criminal-defense/felony-offense/ hawaii-felony-class. htm North Carolina General Assembly. (n. d. ). Article 10 – Kidnapping and Abduction. Retrieved from http://www. ncga. state. nc. us/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/PDF/ByArticle/Chapter_ 14/Article_10. pdf Schmalleger, F. , Hall, D. E. , Dolatowski, J. J. (2010). Criminal law Today. (4th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. University of Phoenix. (n. d. ). State v. Stu Dents. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, CJA354 website. How to cite Prosecuting Arguments, Essay examples

Transportation & Distribution Management - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theTransportation Distribution Management forPurchasing. Answer: Introduction The service sector contributes 73% to the GDP of Singapore with retail services capturing large proportion. C.K. Tang Limited is one of the important and biggest player in the retail industry. The firm came into operation 1932 as provisional store founded by C.K Tang an immigrant from China. In 1950s he expanded and shifted the location of store to capture consumers travelling downtown in the Orchard street (Aguezzoul, 2014). In 1982 on the face of changing landscape in retail, Tang began its repositioning making inclusion of array of international brand that made the firm transform into superstore. The firm further transformed its outlook toward building family-friendly retail store making it an iconic shopping destination of world class. The tagline "All The Best Under One Roof" launched in 1980 clearly indicated the huge diversification of the firm. The firm undergone changes in market strategies like operating the store even on Sundays in order to attract more consumer base. The firm underwent transformation in large scale at Tang Plaza in order to make a repositioning of its retail existence as family- friendly store. The retail organization holds collection of huge product mix of different international brand. The range of products and services includes beauty, fashion, home, foods beverages and kids (Aguezzoul, 2014). The product line attracts the shoppers with mindset to blend with local as well as international quality, heritage and modernity. In Singapore and Malaysia, the firm has six stores operating throughout. The firm not only plays pivotal role in internal market but also makes huge trade transaction with nations like USA, China, and Malaysia. With increased globalization over time, the volume of trade has increased and has evoked the importance of supply chain management and it subsequent distribution and transportation management. This requires proper incoterm selection at first place in order to come up with proper shipping strategies. Based on the mode of shipment through rail, sea or water, carrier selection is done based on the criteria. This also considers various other factors like geographical span, type of goods being carried, and time taken and so on. The paper makes an overall analysis of all these including the carrier relationship management of retailer firm Tang. Incoterm selcetion consideration: The International chamber of Commerce publishes commercial laws that sets pre-defined rules known as international commercial terms applicable in commercial procurement and transaction in international sales.the incoterms underwent revisions 1953, 1967, 1980, 1990 an 2000. The Incoterms of 2010 specifies eleven rules of shipment making provision of clear guidelines for the exporters or importers involved in the entire process of international trade and goods movement (Johnson, 2014). This includes how the transfer of responsibilities taking place for example whether at the place of loading and unloading the goods take place at factory of exporter or in the warehouse of importers. The incoterm rule also specifies and assigns task between importers and exporters. Choice of proper incoterm depends on several factors: First important factor is choosing the method of shipment. Based on the mode of transportation used in the trade the shipment method is selected. Their ability and willingness of the importers and exporters shape up the knowledge of possible international transportation that further determines the quality of incoterms. Greater the experience and trust between importers and exporters higher is capability of the parties t perform task enhancing the incoterm methods. The Incoterm 2011 outlines 11 modes of shipment covered broadly within four groups E, F , C and D. E is used when the responsibility of shipment is taken up by importers form departure point allowing the importer to have more powers in operations of all tasks and conferring least control to the exporter. D is the term indicating least control of importers and more control of exporters in all the task performance and C are the terms referring to carriage being paid by importer and exporters respectively. Different mode of transportation proposes different rules to be followed in incoterm consideration. Following shipments are eligible for any kind of transportation Different Shipment Methods; EXW: Ex-Works confers importer all responsibilities for the shipment and exporter just arranges for the availability and pick up by importer. FCA: Free Carrier suggests that exporter pays for the cost of delivery of the shipment paid. The export is cleared to the pre-designated carrier of the importer from where it is takeun up by importer who then pays for the main transportation, insurance and customer clearance(Aguezzoul, 2014) FAS: Free Alongside Ship is rule for shipment in sea and inland water ways. Exorters delivers goods to named port of shipment mentioned by the importer from where theimporter receives the responsibility o fall risk and damages caused to the goods (Johnson, 2014). The exporter plays for the delivery of shipment only and main transportation risk is borne by importers. CPT: (Carriage paid To) Here the exporter pays for the goods in carriage when it reaches the place of destination named earlier. CIP: (Carriage and Insurance Paid To): Along with CPT the exporter needs to acquire insurance of te goods while making the transition and transportation. For the retail firm C.K. Tang best two method of shipments would be Ex-works and CIP due to the huge amount of consumer goods being transported through land as well as waterways. Carrier selection criteria: After selecting the shipment method the next important task facing Tang is to choose for proper carrier so as to ascertain safe and damage free transporation and transition of goods from one place to another. The decision of carrier selection is based upon few factors like the geographical coverage of the goods movement. Greater distance requires more solid carrier. Average time required in transition and how reliable the mode of transportation is determines the mode of carrier. Delivery of the shipment and pick-up on time shapes the kind of carrier to be selected. Availability of equipment, capacity and capabilities in technical grounds are also important factors (Robinson,Thomas Manrodt, 2013). The major component in selecting carrier is the financial stability and rate of the freight. How secure the carrier is from damage determines the level of safety and protection to the products being shipped. In decision, making process identifying the criteria and ranking them accordingly the goals and purpose of the business operation of any firm is important part of carrier selection in transportation management. A proper carrier selection strategy can provide immense benefit to the business of Tang (Graham, 2013). This allows the firm to be associated with lots of service providers making the shipments delivery and gain better idea regarding free flow of freight. This also allows Tang to monitor the performance of the carrier base the firm has. Proper carrier selection evokes the leverage for the company to purchase dollars at all rates available. Carrier selection should always have a back up procedure in order to face contingency period that would provide protection both the exporter as well as importer from damage of goods. Now if we look at the goods being sold in Tang, it can be found that both perishable and non-perishable goods are offered by the firm. In food category many items like vegetable, fruits are perishable whereas as wheat based, dry and packaged item are protected from being perished. Based on the damage options the carriers selection criteria are ranked prior to selecting for the mode of carriage (Brands, 2013). For perishable good transition time taken and reliability of delivery are important criteria owing to the top of the list. If the good s are not delivered and picked-up time then it might lead to disruption and loss for the firm. In such case, the shorter the transit time, higher is the chance the goods are safely transported. The diversification strategy and cross border market expansion strategy of the firm, it had to make greater geographical coverage that requires the firm to come up with increased availability of equipments and technological innovation applied within logist ic. The lower ranks are possessed by the components like financial stability and damage lost. Even if financial stability of the carrier selection are maintained the firm can still face problem because of not considering the importrant criteria exposing the firm to greater risk (Choudhary Shankar, 2013). The ranking of the criteria would allow the firm locate the important mode of transportation as well as selecting option for carriage. Carrier relationship management: It is found from the analysis that carrier selection and incoterms considerations are related with each other. Mode of shipment primarily determines the carriers type. If the shipment takes place through train or land then trucks then the carriage selection will be different than ocean or sea mode of transport. What carriers to be selected based on the criteria, shipment methods and further types of the goods being moved, the transportation system management determine that as a whole (Shang Lu, 2012). This as subset of supply chain management is more concerned about the transportation ad movement of goods. The firm Tang being a biggest market player in Singapore retail industry is responsible to make huge amount of goods transition both locally within nation across nations as well. This requires proper planning of the entire logistics while managing the transportation system smoothly, which further depends on proper resource planning of the firm. The transportation of goods in any commercial transaction or trade involves export and import, which requires goods to be delivered and shipped from place of production to final destination. This involves numerous carriers, suppliers and other parties within the process. The role of carrier relationship management is to ascertain the balance through advocating in lieu of the shippers. This ascertains the business operations for both the firms and its carrier partners providing support to the firm. To consolidate the transportation goals of Tang, the firm needs to identify and strengthen the important roles played by transportation management unit of the company. Proper execution of the management helps in planning and optimization of terrestrial rounds of transport. It provides ease in selection of inbound and outbound mode of transportation (Shang Lu, 2012). All the elements used in the process like motor carriers, air modes, rail and all kind of transportation used are well managed and supervised by the team. The management also allows the firm to optimization of route and load of the vehicles, tracking of transportation, service quality control, cost control, freight audit and shipment batching of orders. The crucial transportation goal facing the retail leader Tang is the development of cost-effective transportation that would increase efficiency. The efficiency is further ascertained by the reduction of total inventory overhead and per order processing cost. In order to improve the warehouse operation of the firm, Tang has decided to work way that is more integrated with the provider of transportation. The establishment of two-way relationship with carriers of the firm would allow it to address issues quite easily while enhancing the opportunities of the firms (Robinson,Thomas Manrodt, 2013). Greater the transportation quality higher will be the quality of service provided to the customers that further marks growth for the business of the firm in terms of increased sales. The important transportation goal of Tang is to build a two way relationship between retailer and carrier which is identified as the key to the logistic success (Johnson, 2014). Carriers should be provided with more information of the business of Tangs. The role of carrier relation manager Is to consolidate it through staying involved in the process, verifying reports and results, bill audits making cost considerations and carrying a dynamic and flexible approach to make as many contacts and relations as possible. Conclusion: Pertaining to the fact that Tang plays pivotal role in the national economy of Singapore the huge operation of the firms involves transition of goods locally and internationally. A good transportation management involving incoterms consideration, carrier selection and maintaining the relationship between retailer and carrier have been pivotal for the firms growing popularity and business expansion. The firm faces huge export to the countries like China, Malaysia, US and so on that allows is to choose an universal incoterms in form of CPT and Ex-works. The firm focused on consolidating the carrier relation to stimulate its market expansion and business growth. Reference: Aguezzoul, A. (2014). Third-party logistics selection problem: A literature review on criteria and methods.Omega,49, 69-78. Brands, L. I. J. (2013). Intelligent carrier compilation to reduce handling operations in the retail supply chain. Choudhary, D., Shankar, R. (2013). Joint decision of procurement lot-size, supplier selection, and carrier selection.Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management,19(1), 16-26. Choudhary, D., Shankar, R. (2014). A goal programming model for joint decision making of inventory lot-size, supplier selection and carrier selection.Computers Industrial Engineering,71, 1-9. Danielis, R., Maggi, E., Rotaris, L., Valeri, E. (2012).Urban supply chains and transportation policies(No. 1207). Danielis, R., Maggi, E., Rotaris, L., Valeri, E. (2013). Urban freight distribution: urban supply chains and transportation policies. InFreight transport modelling(pp. 377-403). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Graham, A. (2013). Understanding the low cost carrier and airport relationship: A critical analysis of the salient issues.Tourism Management,36, 66-76. Johnson, P. (2014).Fundamentals of collection development and management. American Library Association. Lam, J. S. L., Dai, J. (2012). A decision support system for port selection.Transportation Planning and Technology,35(4), 509-524. Meixell, M. J., Norbis, M. (2012). Integrating carrier selection with supplier selection decisions to improve supply chain security.International Transactions in Operational Research,19(5), 711-732. Murray-Tuite, P., Wolshon, B. (2013). Evacuation transportation modeling: An overview of research, development, and practice.Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies,27, 25-45. Robinson, J. L., Thomas, R. W., Manrodt, K. B. (2013). Food for thought in the transportation carrier-selection decision.Transportation Journal,52(2), 277-296. Segetlija, Z., Mesari?, J., Dujak, D. (2016, January). E-logistics as prerequisite of e-retailing. InICIL 2016-13th International Conference on Industrial Logistics. Shang, K. C., Lu, C. S. (2012). Customer relationship management and firm performance: an empirical study of freight forwarder services.Journal of Marine Science and Technology,20(1), 64-72. Stapleton, D. M., Pande, V., O'Brien, D. (2014). EXW, FOB OR FCA? Choosing the right Incoterm and why it matters to maritime shippers.Journal of Transportation Law, Logistics, and Policy,81(3), 227. Wensveen, J. G. (2016).Air transportation: A management perspective. Routledge.